12 Rarest birds in the world

Marvellous Spatuletail

Photograph courtesy Daniel Rosengren via The World's Rarest Birds

The third place winner in the "endangered or data deficient" category is a picture of Peru's marvellous spatuletail. (Watch video of the rare bird's courtship display.)

A "stunning" hummingbird restricted to just two sites, the bird's population is estimated to be less than a thousand, and it's decreasing due to deforestation for cash crops such as marijuana and coffee, according to a World's Rarest Birds contest statement.


Great Indian Bustard

Photograph courtesy Raja Purohit Pune India

This bird is found in Maharashtra ,India and can weight up to 15 Kgs.
As per the recent studies (2011), the total no. of birds is 250 only.

A shot of the Great Indian bustard in mid-flight snagged fourth place in the "endangered or data deficient" category.

Widespread hunting for sport and food in India is driving the bird to extinction, according to BirdLife International.




Brazilian Merganser

Photograph courtesy Savio Freire Bruno via The World's Rarest Birds

A "captivating" photo of a Brazilian merganser and her ducklings won second prize in the "critically endangered or extinct in the wild" category, according to a World's Rarest Birds contest statement.

In a sign of hope for the species, recent data from Brazil suggest that the merganser's status is better than previously thought, according to BirdLife International.


Christmas Island Frigatebird

Photograph courtesy David Boyle via The World's Rarest Birds

A picture of a Christmas Island frigatebird flying over the Indian Ocean snagged third place in the "critically endangered or extinct in the wild" category.

The bird, found only on the Australian territory of Christmas Island (map), is disappearing due to habitat loss, phosphate mining, marine pollution, and overfishing, among other causes.


Palila

Photograph courtesy Eric A. VanderWerf via The World's Rarest Birds

A "superb study" of a palila in Hawaii received sixth place in the "critically endangered or extinct in the wild" category, according to a World's Rarest Birds contest statement.

Habitat loss, cat predation, and drought have contributed to the species' ongoing decline in its native Hawaii. The bird's numbers are expected to plummet by 97 percent over the next 14 years, according to BirdLife International.


Honduran Emerald

Photograph courtesy Robert E. Hyman via The World's Rarest Birds

A photograph of a Honduran emerald perched on a branch earned fifth place in the "critically endangered or extinct in the wild" category.

Found only in Honduras, the hummingbird exists in an "extremely small and severely fragmented range," which is declining due to habitat loss, according to BirdLife International.


Kakapo

Photograph courtesy Shane McInnes via The World's Rarest Birds

One of the rarest birds of all is New Zealand's kakapo. The above picture of the large, flightless bird approaching the camera snagged first place in the "critically endangered or extinct in the wild" category.

Only 124 animals remain in the wild—the species has been largely wiped out by introduced predatory mammals such as feral cats.


Orange-Bellied Parrot

Photograph courtesy David Boyle via The World's Rarest Birds

This "touching image" of two orange-bellied parrots won the category for critically endangered migrating birds, according to a World's Rarest Birds contest statement.

The small parrot breeds only in southwestern Tasmania (see map) and migrates to southeastern Australia in the winter, where agriculture and development are crowding out its habitat. Probably fewer than 150 animals remain in the wild, according to BirdLife International.


Red-Crowned Crane

Photograph courtesy Huajin Sun via The World's Rarest Birds

Named a second place winner in the "endangered or data-deficient" category, the above picture shows a red-crowned crane making a courtship display.

Though the bird's population is stable in Japan, the mainland Asian population is declining due to habitat loss and degradation of wetlands for agriculture and development, according to BirdLife International.


Forest Owlet

Photograph courtesy Jayesh K. Joshi via The World's Rarest Birds

A picture of central India's forest owlet earned fourth place in the "critically endangered or extinct in the wild" category.

The species lives in a severely fragmented forest habitat that continues to be destroyed, according to the nonprofit BirdLife International.


Scaly-Sided Merganser

Photograph courtesy Martin Hale via The World's Rarest Birds

Two endangered scaly-sided mergansers glide across the water in a picture that won fifth place in the "endangered or data deficient" category.

Habitat loss and illegal hunting have reduced the bird's population to about 2,500 individuals in Russia and China, according to the nonprofit BirdLife International.

Overall, the competition received photos that represent 90 percent of the 566 rarest bird species.



Asian Crested Ibis

Photograph courtesy Quan Min Li via The World's Rarest Birds

A picture of an endangered Asian crested ibis soaring over China is a first-prize winner in the first annual World's Rarest Birds international photo competition, organizers announced in January.